Internet Culture Essay Example

Web Culture Paper BA Humanities Media and Society It is difficult to comprehend the term culture. What is culture? Is it a lifestyle, is it a gathering of shared interests that brings a network of people together or is it an idealistic dream, an innovation made by the people pulling the strings who administer society to assist with working together interests in an organized simple to screen way? Culture is characterized from multiple points of view. It is said that societies are maps of importance through which the world is made intelligible1, however whatever the genuine significance of the word Culture, Raymond Williams was directly in recommending that Culture is one of the most confounded words in the human language2: Culture is one of the a few most entangled words in the English language. This is so incompletely in light of its mind boggling recorded advancement { } however for the most part since it has now come to be utilized for significant ideas in a few unmistakable scholarly teaches and in a few particular and inconsistent frameworks of thought3. Culture has become the absolute opposite of present day times. We will compose a custom article test on Internet Culture explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Internet Culture explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Internet Culture explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Its significance is so huge and incredible that it would be hard to pacify a whole exposition on its importance and arrive at any front yearned resolution. Culture has an alternate importance to various individuals and it is this paradigmatic multifaceted nature that permits the word to place dread into anybody endeavoring to break down its quintessence. Be that as it may, in the event that you put a main word, a word that characterizes trains inside a particular culture, the term out of nowhere gets recognizable. Oral Culture, Print Culture, Popular Culture and what we are endeavoring to comprehend inside this examination, Internet Culture starts to have an all the more clear and succinct importance. The very idea of the words related and connected to the term culture take into account a progressively common similarity to affiliation. When a word has been connected with the gigantic span of the term culture, the quintessence and importance of an assignment, for example, depicting what you comprehend by the term Internet Culture turns out to be altogether simpler to process and grasp. Inside the accompanying exploration I will endeavor to depict what I comprehend of the term Internet Culture and to address a portion of the key basic inquiries being posed about the development towards the Internet Revolution4. For the premise of consistency, I will partition the content into what I feel are the key basic issues that are being addressed in regards to Internet Culture, starting with the definition that I accept represents the term Internet Culture. As there are a wonderful measure of issues that are being addressed I have picked two key ideas that I feel are of significance with respect to the development and support of a culture that is virtual fundamentally. The principle basic issues that I will audit are:â Can you have a virtual community?â How will Internet Culture influence the data Have and Have Nots? Notwithstanding, before we go any further it is basic that we disentangle what I accept and comprehend by the term Internet Culture. A contemporary side interest or fixation has been the compartmentalisation of periods in reality or ages that relate explicitly to how society and the occupants of society convey. Scholars have had the option to feature various moves in the manner a general public imparts that has prompted various parts of social character being embraced. It is sheltered to recommend that the principal interface between differing social orders and societies are the way that they impart and communicate, as the comprehension of a typical language fortifies a network, similarly as an absence of comprehension can likewise separate and exclude. One of the first ages to be characterized was the Primary Oral Culture, a culture that imparted uniquely by discourse with no composed content or writing present. Oral Culture was transiently biased5, it depended vigorously on folklore and legend just as function and memorisation so as to rise above importance and keep a feeling of social character alive6. It tends to be said that Oral Culture established the frameworks for the advancement of culture and society through varying correspondence media. The Primary Oral Culture prompted Print Culture and afterward Visual Culture and to the age, which contemporary western social orders are intended to occupy, that of Internet Culture. Since Oral Culture every other culture have incorporated a central part of the oral society7. We live in a dominatingly word based condition, one of discourse and hearing a universe of sound8, notwithstanding, the intuitive medium that Internet Culture uses is maybe the main medium that combines every customary method of communication9. Web Culture is the age that contemporary society has started to possess, nonetheless, it can likewise be a liquid and complex medium that has numerous social implications with minimal social comprehension. Web Culture can't be as effortlessly related and connected to past details of culture that society has become used to. David Porter gives a translation of what Internet Culture is and the veered feeling of social criticalness that the Internet obtains: If the Internet can be comprehended as the webpage of any culture whatsoever, it isn't, likely, culture in the sense both of an elitist enclave or of a homogeneous social circle. The way of life that the Net typifies, rather, is a produce of the impossible to miss states of virtual associate that win on the web, an aggregate adjustment of the high recurrence of mysterious, trial, and in any event, temporary experiences natural to any individual who has wandered into a newsgroup banter. 10 It is in this way hard to discover what Internet Culture is and it is similarly hard to give a clarification of another medium with such an overwhelming social noteworthiness. The Internet is changing the manner in which society conveys, yet this is certifiably not another or contemporary idea. Erla Zwingle sets up the development of society and convention when he avows that Goods move, individuals move, thoughts move and societies change11. It is this that has the social essentialness in a constantly liquid condition like the Internet. In any case, how much the social essentialness has influenced society and social invasion is at this stage absolutely theoretical with no predictable method of checking the impacts that the Internet has. As we enter the 21st century electronic media have become a basic part of western social orders every day lives. We use PCs since they are simple, they get us time and they give us diversion. Web Culture is an expansion of the visual picture that immerses our regular day to day existences.

Gender and Language Essay

Different structures which build up their predominance over ladies is their requirement for logical language, to demonstrate to ladies (and at some point themselves) that they are the more savvy of the two sexual orientations. Other male magazines will in general utilize truncated terms for titles or articles, which suggest authority, for example, ‘FHM’, ‘GQ’ or even ‘MAX POWER’. These titles hint the possibility of occasional and logically images or even macho portrayals, for example, G. I Joe. Max Power being a prime case of the greater is better hypothesis shared by a larger part of guys. In which case all the titles hint the possibility that by perusing these magazines they will on a very basic level addition pleasure and authority just as building up the male sexual orientation as the more predominant of the two. The putting of the title likewise proposes that what men truly need from a magazine is the thing that the media has consistently accepted to be valid; Sexually depicted, alluring young ladies spread over the intro page, notwithstanding if the title can be seen or not, is in every case bound to offer to a male crowd instead of another male being appeared. The on-screen character Tara Reid is the center purpose of the first page and attracts the peruser, because of her enchanting posture. She is welcoming however yet still gives indication of helplessness and honest people as her troupe of garments is of extremely elegant and more to the point of white texture, white implying all that is acceptable and immaculate by others. The slogan additionally intimates that the article containing her will likewise be of extraordinary enthusiasm to a male crowd as it is explicitly arranged and proposes phallic ramifications. This has been decided to suit what is hypothesized to be the requirements of today’s man, which is the opportunity to be the more prevailing of sexes and who is fit for giving ladies security. This philosophy and conviction has now been moved, as ladies today are more than fit for managing life much better all alone without a man. Men are additionally increasingly mindful of how ladies like to be viewed as equivalent to them, and some are available to this change while others want to stay previously and keep on survey ladies as accommodating people. The front of ‘Maxim’ doesn’t support today’s changes in sexes, which propose this is the means by which they keep up a group of people of male chauvinists, or possibly to pick up their consideration. Inside the really magazine stories and articles are fundamentally the same as those found in female magazines however clearly focused on a male crowd. It’s exceptionally reviving to see that the hindrances between the two genders are extremely similar, as far as language utilized and plan. The normal ‘hard’ picture of what men see to be has somehow or another become progressively gentler and less forceful, indicating that the new man of the twenty-first century can likewise adjust to new thoughts, and that the hole between the two sexual orientations moves nearer with every age. Clearly certain parts of the magazine must be regarded only for a man, or if nothing else of more enthusiasm to a man than to a ladies, for example an article which communicated manners by which cops caught and tormented their detainees, indicated pictures of firearms and military dressed youngsters with horrendous homicidal pooches yapping at the detainees. The general effect of the pictures were extremely unrefined and to some degree uncaring, however for certain men the possibility of human annihilation and war will consistently bear some significance with them, for reasons which despite everything hold inquiries regarding why? Generally speaking the recognizable proof of this magazine being focused at a male crowd can be supposed to be valid, because of the accompanying viewpoints: †A Semi-naked female (ideally fair) will be spread over the first page, progressively recognizable if the female is as of now notable. †The title communicates an enormous amount as referenced by scholar Raymond Williams that men are inclined to the possibility that ‘Big is consistently better’ †Sub-headings signify issues, which contain those identified with sport, particularly as the world cup is because of start. †And current undertaking issues which reflect obliteration and disorder from around the globe though with a female magazine the present issues raised are for the most part coordinated at people who are structure the universe of showbiz or contain humor. As far as the last point, female magazines, for example, ‘MORE! ‘ tend not to perform or even examine issues which mirror those found on the news except if it is of importance to their British, female crowds. This here and there may be on the grounds that they despite everything dread that ladies are very delicate and are increasingly inclined to demonstrate feeling to such points. Subsequently crushing the object of a magazine being a mode of amusement, if the issues raised are of an increasingly genuine nature. This is the place the contrast between magazine news coverage and that of paper news-casting lies. As Newspaper composing is focused on different people and not to one set sex or age bunch it takes into consideration news and diversion of the two sorts to be communicated without the dread of upsetting anybody, as this is the thing that it is decided to do. Magazines, for example, MORE, are what offer female crowds a reprieve from the real world and permit them to enjoy into the universe of tattle and popularity. A conviction shared by the vast majority, in especially men, that ladies appreciate tattle. Mary Crawford expresses that tattle permits ladies to speak with their companions and gives them a feeling of solace; being permitted to recognize what others are doing from a different universe, which thus is altogether different to that of their own gives them fulfillment and happiness. All in all what I include saw inside my concise investigation is that despite the fact that circumstances are different male magazines despite everything appear to be increasingly relatable to today’s society and contain more top to bottom issues which a ton of female magazines dread to step on. Anyway this may just be the beginning, hindrances have just begun to break between the two sexual orientations and with time these boundaries may stop to exist. As ladies are currently given increasingly sexual opportunity and social changes have occurred as far as media impacts (for example advertisements presently provide food for all sexes and speak to them as equivalent to men). Significantly more of society currently grasp the new women's activist ladies and single parents and radical changes have occurred so as to have arrive at this state just as changes from men and their to some degree narcissistic mentalities. A statement, which most ladies of today’s society would now be able to relate to would be that of Charles Fourier in 1808, which said expressed that ‘The expansion of women’s rights is the essential of all social change. ‘ as it were permit ladies to live the manner by which they pick and not censure them for it and changes inside the genders will be made to improve things. Reference index Crawford, M ‘Talking distinction: on Gender and Language’, Sage 1995 Fourier C, ‘ Theories of the forward Movement, 1880 Martin, M, ‘Ways of reading’, language and sexual orientation, 2000 Williams, R. (1980/1996) ‘Advertising the Magic System’, Media Studies: A Reader

Romeo and Juliet Essay Topics by Robert K. Massie

Romeo and Juliet Essay Topics by Robert K. MassieThis short, yet intriguing book by Robert K. Massie makes for a delightful companion to any course on English composition. The authors write with a sense of wit and an infectious enthusiasm for their subject. It is as if, by reading this text, students are taken through the creation of a dynamic new literary language, each topic neatly bundled in a manner that makes it easy to read.It would be difficult to begin discussing the English composition course without mentioning the importance of essay topics. They can provide the structure that one needs to form his or her own thoughts about what is meant by literature.These subject matters can be wide ranging or they can be specific to a particular writer. For example, if the author was a poet, he or she might have difficulty in forming specific topics, while if the author was an essayist, the topics might be specific to a specific topic.Romeo and Juliet essay topics could be history, relig ion, politics, nature, and many others. Whether one chooses the general topic or the specific one, the choice is up to the student.The diversity of subject matters means that the course will never become boring. It will provide a basis for communication between students and allow them to learn more about their English composition topics.And with the help of the internet, it is easy to search for a particular topic. Then, with the aid of the essay topics created by the authors, students can begin to develop the techniques of writing that they will use as they write their essays.The authors have worked hard to make the book as easy to read as possible and because of this, the students may enjoy their writing experience even more than they will the subject matters. The concise, but detailed descriptions of each essay topic allows the students to see how the writing will progress and how it will be formatted.Because of this, there is no reason why the students cannot feel as though they have learned about a variety of subjects through the great essay topics in this book. As the text progresses, the students will begin to understand what their own writing will be like.

King Henry V The Power Of Power - 1365 Words

Henry V starts off as a pleasure-seeking boy that tussles with his role as an heir to the throne. With the power of the throne one of his remarkable qualities is his determination, the ability to accomplish a goal once his mind is set on. Will the power he gains impose his fictions upon the world? Merriam-Webster defines power as a person or organization that has an ample deal of control and influence over other people or organizations. Based on this definition, I agree that King Henry V has the power that leads him to impose outrageous fictions on the people around him, but he is not the only one who uses power to impose fictions on each person around them. Canterbury is the first character to show a significant example of power to impose their fictions, even though he is only in the story for a short period of time. Canterbury advises King Henry to go to war to France; the war is only to take his mind off of passing a bill both Ely and Canterbury (bishops don’t want to pass ). The bishops know that Henry feels he has a claim to the French throne as well; therefore, they think if they can get Henry to start a war, then he would concentrate of the invasion of France over the bill. Canterbury helps to instigate this plan by offering the King a â€Å"donation† from the church to help fund the King’s war efforts. In addition both bishops flatter the king saying he has changed dramatically since his youth. Canterbury is using his power as a bishop to impose his outrageous idea toShow MoreRelatedHenry Iv And Henry V By William Shakespeare1602 Words   |  7 PagesIn Henry IV and Henry V by Shakespeare, a father and son have diametrically different reigns as king. While both kings are politically savvy and gain the favor of the people, only one, Henry V, has the divine right of kings. The divine right of kings is the belief that power is instilled in them by God and rebellion against them is considered a sin. The influence of divine intervention is shown through the punishment and guilt of Henry IV and the success of Henry V. The rule of Henry IV illustratesRead MoreWar of the Roses1118 Words   |  5 Pagesof Stoke. King Henry VI and the Duke of Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, tried to keep the Duke of York, Richard IV, out of politics. King Henry VI became ill and Richard IV took over power and by the time King Henry VI became healthy again, Richard IV did not want to give back the power. There were prewar conflicts after King Edward III died; Richard II came to power on the throne and King Henry V rose to power after the 100 year war. King Henry V died shortly after and his son Henry VI succeededRead MoreReligious Leadership In William Shakespeares King Henry V1450 Words   |  6 PagesName: Instructor’s name: Date: Subject: William Shakespeare: â€Å"King Henry V† Though William Shakespeare: â€Å"King Henry V† may not be one of the best of his plays, through the protagonist King Henry V he depicts an ideal image that leaders should seek religious guidance from religious leaders in the quest to rule. This is to provide guidance in their leadership and rule. Various scenes in the play are constructed to illustrate King Henry V Christian character like mercy, caring for the poor and his senseRead MoreThe Battle Of Poitiers During The Hundred Year War1711 Words   |  7 Pagesable to break through the defenses and attacked the French head on. The current king of France was King John II. 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Henry VIII delegated more and more state business to him, including near complete control of England’s foreign policy. Wolsey’s finest hour was arranging the Field of Cloth of Gold. Wolsey used his wealth to indulge hisRead More The Representation of Masculinity and Violence in Henry V and The Rover1702 Words   |  7 PagesThe Representation of Masculinity and Violence in Henry V and The Rover Representing violence as an essential tool to gaining control, Henry V is dominated by masculine power, in this case, with the control of France. The cast is mainly male, containing just four female characters, namely Mistress Quickly, Isabel Queen of France, Katherine her daughter and Alice, the attendant. The chorus sets the scene of war in the prologue, with ‘Then should the warlikeRead MoreTheme of Social Hierarchy in William Shakespeares Henry V, Twelfth Night and Macbeth1204 Words   |  5 PagesTheme of Social Hierarchy in William Shakespeares Henry V, Twelfth Night and Macbeth Henry V, Twelfth Night, and Macbeth cover the whole field of Shakespearean genres, but it is amazing how Shakespeare displays a theme and carries it through in any kind of play he wants to. Historic, comic, and tragic plays are about as different as you can get, yet when we take a closer look we see many similarities among them, especially in the area of social hierarchy. In all three of these plays, Shakespeare

Wellness Components, Warm Up, and Cool Down Essay

Wellness Components Wellness has many dimensions and different perspectives every person defines wellness differently; some would say wellness is illness free, while others may say healthy or fit. Many people do not know what being fit or being healthy is because everyone they hear it from tells them differently. We all have different levels of abilities and require different workout programs and food guidelines. Diet and fitness are not the main qualities for being healthy, there are five components that make up overall health or wellness this is called holistic health, (MacDonald, 2011). The components do not require equal attention, but they do need appropriate attention, equality does not mean health, (MacDonald, 2011). The five†¦show more content†¦A person with a poor self-esteem lacks emotional health and may find it difficult to do anything to improve it. The person may sink into depression and may turn to comfort foods and over eat which can result in poor social health. They may also overindulge in physical activity by pushing themselves over the edge or turning to an extreme diet. This would be an example of their emotional health affecting their physical health. The components all connect to each other to create a person to be considered healthy or well. Physical health is crucial in developing a balanced health in all the components. â€Å"Physical activity improves health and well-being. It reduces stress, strengthens the heart and lungs, increases energy levels, helps you maintain and achieve a healthy body weight and it improves your outlook on life† (Health Canada). Physical activity can help reduce depression, anxiety, and stress increasing mental and emotional health. Physical activity creates an energized and positive attitude towards physical health. It can help reduce life-threatening diseases such as heart disease, stroke, obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis, and improve overall life, (Unknown 1). An improved self-esteem will affect how a person can interact with others and show them a new meaning towards life improving their spiritual and social health. Spending more time on physical and mental than on spiritual isShow MoreRelatedEssay on fitness and wellness ch 1 2 outline773 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿:NAME : CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO WELLNESS, FITNESS LIFESTYLE MANAGEMENT 1. Answer 3 multiple choice questions on Page 1 of text 1.B cigarette smoking 2.no, health is how the body is, if its sick or not, and wellness is the condition of your whole life not only the body. 3.false, health has a greater impact than genetic makeup regarding developing diseases 2. Definitions: Wellness: optimal health and vitality, encompassing all the dimensions of well-being Read MoreLeading Causes of Diabetis Essay1174 Words   |  5 Pagesleading cause of new blindness and non traumatic amputations. Insulin is a hormone in the body that is critical in many of the body’s functions. 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Analysis Of Charlotte Ballet And Jean Pierre Bonnefoux

On February 2, 2017, I was given the opportunity to view Innovative Works, performed by Charlotte Ballet, and created by Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux, in the Patricia McBride and Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux Center for Dance. Charlotte Ballet has been around Charlotte, North Carolina for twenty-five years as a professional company. Bonnefoux created the performance to announce the passion and intensity of each movement the dancer’s performed along with assistance from Mark Diamond, Sasha Janes, Sarah Harkins, and David Ingram. Before viewing the performance, the Dance Department of Coker College was given a tour around the building. During the tour, information was provided about how long the company has existed, we were able to visit the costume design†¦show more content†¦Soon after the secretary and husband had the affair, he received a call from his wife that startled the secretary into getting dressed and leaving the office. His wife, sitting in the lounge chair, was attending a session with a psychiatrist about her marriage. She began to take advantage of the stage space to scream and release her anger towards her husband, while performing movements from an allegro. In the moment of screaming, she moved her way into the scene of her husband and secretary as if she were there, which only made it worse as she rubbed her hand against his shirt. Following the counseling scene, the end of the piece arose with the same pas de deux phrase from the beginning, except in a different quality. The husband was being very abrupt with his movement, while he was trying to ignore his wife. Pretending that her marriage was not falling apart, his wife performed her movement in the same quality fro the beginning. Furthermore, â€Å"Gemini†, the second piece from Innovative works, choreographed by Sarah Harkins and music by Frà ©dà ©ric Chopin, was a male duet based on improving and sharing weight. Within the duet, the two males initiated an interaction with the audience in another language saying, â€Å"Konnichiwa†, which automatically provides the idea of the company being diverse. However, during the interaction to keep the audience engaged, one of the dancer’s remained in the stage space. Following â€Å"Gemini† was a piece known as â€Å"Ever After†. The

Transgender Sexuality And The Transgender Rights Movement Essay Example For Students

Transgender Sexuality And The Transgender Rights Movement Essay Most people don’t have to think about which bathroom to use. They use the one labeled men’s or the one labeled women’s. It’s a simple decision. For transgender individuals, however, it is not that easy. The transgender rights movement has gained a lot of attention in recent years and with that attention brings many issues and questions. One of the issues that has popped up is which bathroom transgender people should use. Some think that people should only use the bathroom of the sex that they were assigned at birth while others feel they should be able to use the one that corresponds with the gender they feel they are and live as. Forcing transgender individuals to use the bathroom of their biological sex may seem like a good solution to this problem. However, on top of promoting violence and harassment and violating rights, this is attempting to fix a controversy that should never have been one to begin with.One of the biggest concerns when it comes to transgender bathroom use is violence and harassment. Violence is a valid concern, but while it does happen in bathrooms, transgender men and women tend to encounter it more. The Office of Civil Rights noticed that along with gay and bisexual students, transgender students report high levels of sexual assault (Kennedy). Facts such as that mixed with concerns of violence cause many transgender people to be scared of using the bathroom. Whichever bathroom they use they will likely face judgement and even violence, but it is often in the bathroom of their biological sex that it will be the worst. Teagon Widmer, a transgender woman, said that while she might get insulted in a women’s bathroom, in a men s she could â€Å"get called a faggot or a tranny and then beaten up† (Steinmetz 3). Al. . starting to become. It is getting rid of the controversy and confusion that will make public bathrooms a better place for everyone. As Teagan Widmer said, â€Å" It doesn’t seem like a controversial issue to me. it’s pretty simple. People need to pee† (Steinmetz). Public bathrooms need to be free of violence and harassment. People should feel that their privacy is being respected while they are using it. Making transgender individuals use a bathroom that they are not comfortable using is not the key to making that happen. If anything, it causes more violence and lack of privacy. Everyone should have the right to use the bathroom of the gender that matches who they are and who they live as. If everyone would realize that using the bathroom does not have to be such a tremendous controversy, it would make public bathroom use a much better and easier experience for everyone.

Athena Research free essay sample

Athena is the goddess of wisdom and warfare. She is the favorite daughter of Zeus. There are many different versions of how Athena came to be. The most accepted version is that Athena was born a child of Zeus by his first wife, Metis, a goddess of wisdom. Zeus feared that Metis might bear him a son who was mightier than himself, so he swallowed her. According to some stories, Zeus had every right to fear this because Mother Earth had prophesied that Metis first child would be a girl, but her second child would be a boy that would overthrow Zeus as had happened to is father and his grandfather. Zeus took this warning to heart. This is why he swallowed Metis. It is believed that this is where Zeus gained his wisdom. Before swallowing his wife he was said to have had no brains. Little did Zeus know that Metis was already with child. We will write a custom essay sample on Athena Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While trapped inside Zeus, Metis began to make a helmet and robe for her unborn daughter. All that clanging and pounding caused Zeus to suffer terrible headaches, so he called for his son Hephaestus. Hephaestus split his fathers skull open to relieve the pain, and out popped Athena, fully grown and dressed in her new robe and helmet. The great Athena was the first to teach the science of numbers and all ancient womens arts, such as cooking, weaving and spinning. She was the goddess of wisdom and war, but, unlike the god of war Ares, she took no pleasure from battle, preferring instead to settle conflict through mediation. When Athena was moved to engage in battle she never lost, even against Ares himself, for she was a far superior negotiator than he was. She bears no arms in times of peace and will usually borrow weapons from Zeus when needed. Since she was his favorite daughter and such a mighty warrior, he allowed her to borrow is fearsome Aegis, and his devastating thunderbolts. Indeed Athena was a brave warrior and she was the lone deity to stand her ground when Typhon attacked Olympus. Typhon was the largest, most dangerous, and most grotesque of all creatures. He was so frightening and that when he attacked Mount Olympus all of the gods ran off to Egypt and hid themselves by taking the forms of various animals. Only Athena stood firm, and she shamed and motivated Zeus into action. Zeus struck Typhon with a thunderbolt and used Uranus castrating sickle to wound the enormous creature. Typhon retreated to Mount Casius, where he and Zeus resumed heir struggle, hurling mountains at one another, which resulted in Typhon being crushed beneath what is now known as Mount Aetna. Mount Olympus and the reign of Zeus were saved thanks to Athena. Even though she was as modest as Artemis and Hestia, the other virgin goddesses, Athena was far more generous. A man called Tiresias chanced upon Athena while she was taking a bath and she was startled to realize that he had entered the room and seen her. Not wanting to kill Tiresias for his foolishness, she laid her hands over his eyes and blinded him, but gave him inward sight so that Tiresias became one of the most well-known oracles in Greece. One of the few times that Athena showed irritability was in her weaving contest against the mortal named Arachne. Arachne thought she was the best weaver there Athena felt very disrespected and took on the appearance of an old woman and showed up at Arachnes house to give her some friendly advice to respect the gods. Arachne was too vain to listen and told the old woman to be gone. Let the great Athena try her skill against mine, and if I lose she can do whatever she pleases with me, she boasted. Thats when Athena dropped her disguise and revealed her true identity. All the bystanders fell to their knees in reverence except for Arachne, who was unmoved. The two began their weaving contest, and for a while Arachne held her own against Athena, even poking fun at the gods through the tapestry she crafted, but finally Athena had enough and touched the presumptuous mortal on the forehead, making her feel her shame. Horrified at the realization of her vanity, Arachne ran off and hung herself from a tree. Feeling sorry for the hanging of Arachne, Athena brought her back to life, but so that mortals learn that it doesnt pay to compare themselves to the gods, she changed Arachne into a spider. There she its, her and her descendents, forever weaving their web, testament to the folly of vanity. Athens was named after Athena and she became its protector after a dispute with her uncle, Poseideon, the god of the sea. Both Athena and Poseidon really liked a certain city on the coast of Greece, and both of them claimed ownership. Finally, to solve the dispute, it was agreed that whoever could present the city with the best gift would forever be patron. Athena and Poseidon went to the Acropolis, where Poseidon struck the cliff side with his mighty trident. A spring welled up, which amazed and impressed the citizens. However, the spring was salt ater, so it wasnt really of much use to anyone. Athena then presented the people with a simple olive tree. Although it wasnt as impressive as a spring, it was far more useful, because it presented the people with oil, food, and even wood. In thanks, they named the city Athens. Some people in Greece still worship Athena and pay homage to her at the Acropolis. Athena was the virgin goddess. She was also called Athena Parthenos. Parthenos meant virgin. This is where the Parthenon came from. The Parthenon temple was built to honor the virgin goddess. Although she was a virgin there are stories about her son, Erichthonius. Erichthonius was born of the sperm of Hephaestus, Athenas brother.

madonna and child essays

madonna and child essays Giovanni Bellini was born in 1426 - 1516. He was born in Venice, Italy. His father, Jacopo was also a painter. Giovanni more than likely began his career as an assistant in their fathers workshop. In his first years as an artist Bellini was strongly influenced by his brother-in-law, Andrea Mantegna, from who he took a sculptures figure style. Giovanni Bellini was the founder of founder of the Venetian school of painting. He raised Venice to a centre of renaissance art that rivalled Florence and Rome. I will discuss two of his paintings further on in the essay. - Madonna with the child (Greek Madonna) - Madonna of the Meadow (Madonna del Prato) Madonna with the Child (Greek Madonna) 1460-64, Bellini Rafaello Santi was born in Urbane on good Friday 6th Aril 1483. His father was a painter and poet and worked for Frederica da Montefelto who was of the most famous princes and art patrons of the early Italian renaissance . Raphael helped his father in his studio from an early age. This is where he is believed to have learned about art. His father died in 1494 and in 1504, Raphael moved to Florence and lived there for four years. He studied works by Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo here which inspired him even more. It was in Florence he began his series of Madonnas. I will talk about two of his Madonna paintings later. The Small Cowper Madonna - Raphael c1505 In this essay I am going to discuss Raphaels and Bellinis approach to the theme Madonna and child. Both Bellini and Raphael painted many versions of the Madonna and child, both viewed this theme as a religious one however we can see that both portrayed the Madonna and child differently. Raphael painted Madonna and childs relationship as a warm and loving one. Be ...

Soviet Avant-Garde and Socialist Realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Soviet Avant-Garde and Socialist Realism - Essay Example This essay discusses that man with a Camera is a movie about its own production; it predicts the postmodern inclinations of what is nowadays meta-cinema. Vertov’s movies introduced a novel world of films to commemorate the brave universe of industrialized Soviet truth. The work concludes in Man With a Movie Camera which induces the sensory shower of the urban existence. It utilized strategies of visual comparison and associative montage so complex that they do not have names to date. There was a Whitman-esque documented-portrayal of the Soviet individuals, a self-impulsive dissertation on cinematic symbolism. It is devised to demolish habitual film watching by unveiling the ways in which the camera and movie editor create authenticity. Vertov’s masterwork had the extraordinary implication of emphasizing the spectator to recognize with the filmmaking procedure. Vertov’s ideology was that the camera was an innovation that assisted humans to investigate novel realms of the visual universe. The design that would best explore cinema’s potentialities would merge documentary as well as cinematographic ploys. These include stop-motion animatronics and intense low and high camera viewpoints. Additionally, there are speedy and often aggressive editing methodologies. A man with a Camera is not just a film; it is also a declaration, a policy, documented in celluloid. There are things and pictures in Vertov’s movies that are intended to be read. Nevertheless, marking those instants and interpreting those images might not be straightforward. Salt of the Earth was a part of surfacing females’ series. On its production, the film was in 16mm with faulty scenes and inaudible tracks. The film has forecasts in the montage series with the editing juxtaposing Ramon’s being crushed with Esperanza’s child delivery. In the last sequence, the camera and screenplay highlight the coalescence of the varying quandaries, forming a unite d class identity. Moreover, firearms in the movie serve a factual purpose and become symbols for a rudimentary machismo, and also for the influence of the ruling category. In the concluding frames, the camera visually generates the image of harmony recapitulated by Ramon’s spoken statement. The film utilizes linear features and also fails to utilize the camera and editing functions innovatively (Salt of the Earth, p.1). In the Ideology of Modernism, Lukacs dashes his critique to the bourgeois notion of modernism which has alienated man and community and offered emphasis to the structure rather than content. He utilizes three conceptions in this essay. They include Russian formalism, existentialism as well as scholars who introduce stream of consciousness method. These three presumptions have separated art from the community; they present a negative elucidation of art and the humankind. This Russian

Nestle and American Home Products Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nestle and American Home Products - Essay Example Nestle and American Home Products (AHP) had exercised corporate social responsibility (CSR) by distributing free samples of infant formula to famine-stricken children and those who could not be breastfed. On the one hand, Nestle and AHP were of the opinion that their free donations of the infant formula did not violate the World Health Organization (WHO) code, which outlaws the distribution of free samples of the product to attract sales. On the other hand, critics such as Action for Corporate Accountability, and Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT) pointed out that the body language used by the food processors did not point to any effort aimed at encouraging breastfeeding alongside the use of the infant formula, especially in third-world countries. Nestle’s marketing strategies of enhancing the quantity of free samples of the infant formula to counter breastfeeding campaigns gave it away as an organization that did not care about CSR. This is a classic case of corporate b odies prioritizing their profit-making strategies instead of the moral responsibility, especially where millions of young, innocent lives are in danger. Question #4 Nestle’s CSR as viewed from a narrow perspective depicts the picture of a corporation that had and indeed showed some moral responsibility by saving millions of poor children in third-world countries from famine with its free samples of infant formula. In light of this, the dressing code for Nestle marketers tasked to distribute the product to consumers, and the lack of adequate information on the need to use the product to complement breastfeeding does not seem to attract any qualms. However, a wider perspective of the company’s... Nestle and American Home Products According to Shaw (2010), all corporations all companies are expected to return some of their business gains back to the society as a show of moral responsibility. Nestle and American Home Products (AHP) had exercised corporate social responsibility (CSR) by distributing free samples of infant formula to famine-stricken children and those who could not be breastfed. On the one hand, Nestle and AHP were of the opinion that their free donations of the infant formula did not violate the World Health Organization (WHO) code, which outlaws the distribution of free samples of the product to attract sales. On the other hand, critics such as Action for Corporate Accountability, and Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT) pointed out that the body language used by the food processors did not point to any effort aimed at encouraging breastfeeding alongside the use of the infant formula, especially in third-world countries. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s marketing strategies of enhancing the quantity of free samples of the infant formula to counter breastfeeding campaigns gave it away as an organization that did not care about CSR. This is a classic case of corporate bodies prioritizing their profit-making strategies instead of the moral responsibility, especially where millions of young, innocent lives are in danger. At the inception of the infant formula, Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s conduct seems to be moral in the sense that the product was a favorable option for infants who could not be fed on breast milk.

To identify these chemicals Essay Example for Free

To identify these chemicals Essay Problem: you are provided with 3 unknown chemicals which are labelled A, B, C, D and E. Carry out appropriate test to identify the chemicals. Method: to identify these chemicals I will carry out two types of test: Flame test and chemical test. Flame test:   To carry out the flame test I will dip the metal wire in the roaring Bunsen flame.   Then I dipped the wire in hydrochloric acid   Next I placed it into the sample and then I placed it into the roaring Bunsen Flame. After I recorded the colour of the flame Safety:   I wore goggles to protect my eyes from acid (hydrochloric acid is corrosive)   When I was not using the Bunsen burner, I put it on safety flame   I also used small amounts of acid and have a safety mat Test for cat ion: Chemical Flame colour Cat ion A Yellow Na+ B Lilac K+ C Green Cu2+ Test for an ion: Substance Test observation Sodium chloride Add Dilute hydrochloric acid It fizzes and carbon dioxide gas is produced. Copper carbonate Add Acidified silver nitrate White precipitate Potassium sulphate I added Acidified barium chloride solution White precipitate Evaluation: Flame test and chemical test tell us which chemicals are present. This is called a qualitative analysis. In industry, it is also very important to know how much of the chemical is present. The difference between my tests and the tests carried out in the industry is that they find the amount as well as the type of chemical.

Comparing Families of Fifty Years Ago with Families of Today :: Compare Contrast Comparison

The definitions of a family today and a family in the past are far from similar. The definitions may have some similarities but they have changed dramatically in many more ways. 50 years ago, families had rules that were stricter and families were closer in the sense of a relationship. Although some families today are more distant from each other and have fewer rules to maintain order, there are still some that maintain the same styles of the families 50 years ago. Families have changed a lot but still have some similarities depending on their home-life. Families today just do not seem to spend time with each other. The mother and father both have jobs and tend to not be home for the children after school therefore causing more independence among each member of the family. Children that have more independence make mistakes on their own without being warned about them. Independent children have no guidance and get out of hand because there is not a strong boss type figure around most of the time to help distinguish the difference between right and wrong. Eating dinner as a family is a major tradition that has been forgotten as the years have gone by and caused more separation among the family. A family 50 years ago that did not eat dinner together would be a strange one but today it seems to be of the norm. Once again, the job affects this aspect of the family as well. People are just too busy at work or too tired to even participate in dinner at home anymore. Either families just do not have time for each other anymore or they j ust are not together due to divorce. Divorce is another thing that was like â€Å"illegal† 50 years ago. Divorce is tragic for the children in the family today and causes the children to hate both or one of the parents. Divorce causes total chaos. This may result in the children to be neglected because single parents need to work to support themselves and their children. Thus, causing no guidance for a growing child. Losing touch with family ties have caused a lot of trouble and will continue to cause more. Families now and 50 years have similarities among the pile of differences. Comparing Families of Fifty Years Ago with Families of Today :: Compare Contrast Comparison The definitions of a family today and a family in the past are far from similar. The definitions may have some similarities but they have changed dramatically in many more ways. 50 years ago, families had rules that were stricter and families were closer in the sense of a relationship. Although some families today are more distant from each other and have fewer rules to maintain order, there are still some that maintain the same styles of the families 50 years ago. Families have changed a lot but still have some similarities depending on their home-life. Families today just do not seem to spend time with each other. The mother and father both have jobs and tend to not be home for the children after school therefore causing more independence among each member of the family. Children that have more independence make mistakes on their own without being warned about them. Independent children have no guidance and get out of hand because there is not a strong boss type figure around most of the time to help distinguish the difference between right and wrong. Eating dinner as a family is a major tradition that has been forgotten as the years have gone by and caused more separation among the family. A family 50 years ago that did not eat dinner together would be a strange one but today it seems to be of the norm. Once again, the job affects this aspect of the family as well. People are just too busy at work or too tired to even participate in dinner at home anymore. Either families just do not have time for each other anymore or they j ust are not together due to divorce. Divorce is another thing that was like â€Å"illegal† 50 years ago. Divorce is tragic for the children in the family today and causes the children to hate both or one of the parents. Divorce causes total chaos. This may result in the children to be neglected because single parents need to work to support themselves and their children. Thus, causing no guidance for a growing child. Losing touch with family ties have caused a lot of trouble and will continue to cause more. Families now and 50 years have similarities among the pile of differences.

Ethical dilemmas

Abstract This paper looks into the legal and physiological as well as a counselors best measures to take incase of an emergency relating to an abused woman who has a baby that could suffer if the woman is further exposed to the harm she has been undergoing. Introduction Ethical dilemmas are offset by conflict of ethical codes and a patient’s interest. According to Hill, Glaser and Harden, an ethical dilemma is a result of ‘no appropriate course of action, since each course of action conflicts with a set code of ethics all which expose the decision makers to uncertain risks (18-19). As such, the clinician or therapist has to assess the best course of action, help and recommendations to resolve a case without exposing both himself and the patient to risks. In this case, Jean is faced by an ethical dilemma in which she has to weigh her options without destroying her therapeutic relationship with Mary and her work. Jean has to assess her professional codes, the possible legal implications and the client’s needs before embarking on finding resolve. Though Mary is now absorbed in the counseling, it’s not clear how committed she is to the therapy, secondly, Mary is possibly too emotionally impaired that, she is confused about positive resolve. Mary’s from the onset doesn’t want her problem to be exposed, and also, she is afraid her decisions might result to further complexion of her life, endanger her little boy and subsequently expose her to risks. She has confided in Jean and Jean has, through professional ethics, to seek a proper methodology of arresting Mary’s problem. According to Hill, Glaser and Harden, ethical consideration which covers intuitive and cognitive levels of reasoning and con ­crete models for ethical decision making, and comments is seen to arise as Mary does not want to be known that she is attending counseling lessons most definitely by her husband. Issues of regarding the information and situation of the victim confidential is conflicting with a set of procedures which would help resolve Mary’s case. As such some ethical considerations on the side of Jean are necessary so as to find a solution and to more appropriately help Mary and the boy. Ethical considerations Jean has an obligation to safeguard respect for persons. This translates to respecting the autonomy and self-determination of the victim. The context of confidentiality arises as the foremost problem Jean is facing. Mary is seeking redress however; she is still rigid about eventualities which she has to face in the event of complete separation with her husband. Most accurately, she is fiscally unable hence would rather tolerate further abuse than starve in the streets. From this perspective, Jean is facing a profound ethical dilemma since she has to evaluate the need for assisting this woman while at the same time; she remains silent about her problem. This is a result of Mary’s anxiety about the destructive social, physical, psychological and legal consequences of dis ­closing her experience. Her situation is characterized by instability, insecurity, fear, dependence and loss of autonomy. Jean has a duty to protect those who lack autonomy, including providing security from harm or abuse. Any legal action aimed at Mary’s husband will certainly invoke an impasse which will further affect Mary. Mary has confided in Jean and Jean’s responsibility is to weigh and assess the options best suited to help Mary without further infringing her physiological well being. However, Jean has a more profound role in her capacity; she is now entrusted with the welfare of Mary and the child involved (Nama & Schwartz 2002). She has a role which includes minimizing risks and assuring that benefits which Mary will get outweigh risks and eventualities which would harm Mary and her child. The child is another issue which Jean has to ethically consider. The child has suffered and is still exposed to both physical and physiological dangers. Jean has a duty to ensure that, the child is protected and that she evenly distributes the benefits of child protection without infringing Mary’s physiological well being (Brasseur 2001).On this child issue, research has shown that both maternal depression and social adversity lead to compromised social, cognitive, and emotional outcomes for infants (Murray & Cooper, 1997), as such Jean has a huge responsibility to help the child as well. Read also Ethical Dilemma â€Å"Glengarry Glen Ross†Ã‚   by David Mamet However; Jean has to weigh the liability incurable if she helps the victim. Her decisions and involvement in implementing the most effective and concise decisions might result to drastic legal repercussions on her side (WHO 2007). According to Nama and Schwartz, as a social worker, Jean might find herself going beyond her employer code of ethics (6). Confidentiality The context of confidentiality comes up when Mary confesses her traumatic life and the sensitive issue of the boy’s harassment. Jean has been privileged by Mary as a confidant regardless of her position as a social worker. Secondly, Mary has testified that the boy is in great risk if the father continues to be near him. The need for confiding is to edge nearer to the truth about both Mary’s and the baby’s condition and if the father had in any way molested or even sexually assaulted the baby. This is based on the fact that Mary wants the issue of the baby and the father kept secret. Jean has a duty to warn the patient of the impending dangers of going back to her husband and the subsequent eventualities on the baby (143). The husband might be more violent and as he is used to, beat her and abuse the child. Jean should, assess and document Mary’s problems and inform the liable authorities. This way, the principles of the practice of informed consent won’t put Jean at a risk of prosecutions since if ‘the clients' safety is jeopardized, Mary risked with her consent fully aware of the implications as advised by Jean (Bednar et al., 1991). According to Hill, Glaser and Harden, ‘the protection of Mary takes precedence over Mary agreeing to treatment in this emergency situation (143). Addressing the issues From the onset, Jean should document Mary’s case and inform the facilitator of the impeding problem. This way she will be able to present credible evidence about Mary’s case to any referral or during counseling. Documenting Mary’s case is the initial step to address the problem. This, she should do in a manner that wont risk the confidentiality of the victims. She should make available the basic care Mary and the child need. This she should do at the earliest convenience even before Mary tells away any further problems she is facing. Jean has already assessed the immediate consequences of foregoing treatment and since Mary’s behavioral reac ­tion to the current situation is potentially harmful to herself and the baby. If help is not offered immediately, she has to take whatever steps are necessary to ensure no harm comes to Mary and the baby (Bednar et al). As such, Jean has to protect the confidentiality to ensure the baby and the mothers are safe as well as herself (WHO, 2001). Jean should take into consideration that the victim’s physical safety is the most important step; as such she should not allow Mary to leave the facility whatsoever until a resolve is found. Also, she should make sure the confidentiality of the victim remains prioritized. Each resolve she uses should be aimed at reducing any possible caused to Mary. The baby should be given all necessary child protection amenities and kept safe. This should be prioritized to avert Mary’s irrationality from taking unprecedented emotional toll on the baby. These actions will safeguard both the mother and baby. Consultation There is an urgent need for Jean to consult with relevant authorities about the issue of the husband. This is based on an intuitive and the critical evaluative levels of moral reasoning as argued by Kitchener (1984). This will help Jean have a background and a foreword on what Mary needs in therapy and if, she Jean, is capable or cannot, based on a cognitive evaluation of the confidence aspect of the case, continue to counsel Mary. This will promptly lead to consulting with another counselor to help Mary. Jean has to account if the cognitive and rational respites are good for both the subjects and herself, and if, in her perspective, would they befit her (Hill, Glaser and Harden, 12). Through consultation Jean can be able to identify a better treatment. She and the colleague can re-examine the data Jean has collected about the patient and come up with a more decisive resolve. The new resolve might affect Mary and breach the ethics of confidentiality, but they are effective and would result to helping Mary once and for all. Not to honor the client's choice without compelling reasons would constitute a paternalistic response from the Jean (Hill, Glaser and Harden, 25). The considerations here should aim at making sure more benefits and less harm came to Mary conceptually regardless of her perception. Jean will continue to evaluate and consult about the case to find more appropriate resolves in principal. To consult with someone and document the consultation when in doubt is a mandatory practice which Jean should not ignore. Consultation is mandatory since the situation involves physical harm to both Mary and the baby and threats and circum ­stances in which abuse is susceptible (Hill, Glaser and Harden, 25). Responsibility Jean Is now bound in principal as the guardian to Mary. She has to follow up the case and make sure that Mary’s therapy continues so as to have her empowered to become independent and have the ability to have autonomy and an emotional balance so as to make rational decisions. Her commitment to Mary is to ensure Mary recovers and regains her autonomy Other considerations Jean should assess if the potential risk of Mary and the boy coming to harm and if all suggestions made to clients were meant to ensure clients' safety. She should make sure Interventions initiated to decrease the risk of the baby coming to harm. On the case of the mother, she should consult clinical opinions regarding clients' capacity so that she can assess if the mother’s ability to determine right from wrong. Consultation with other professionals and supervisors so as to have Mary watched and advised incase she is not within proximity of the facility. Works cited Brasseur. D (2001) Ethical considerations in clinical trials;(CPMP) Hill, M., Glaser, K., & Harden, J, () A feminist model for ethical decision making Murray, L., & Cooper, P. (Eds). (1997).   Postpartum depression and child development. New York: The Guilford Press. Nama.N., & Swartz.L., (2002): Ethical and Social Dilemmas in Community-based Controlled Trials in Situations of Poverty: A View from a South African Project : Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 12: 286–297

A History to the US Prohibition Era - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1339 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Prohibition Essay Did you like this example? Prohibition was established by the 18th Amendment in 1920. This amendment prohibited the manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors. The prohibition was an effort for moral reform since many thought alcohol was to blame for the increase of failed marriages and separated families. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A History to the US Prohibition Era" essay for you Create order Many saw this as a moral improvement and thought it would help the lives of the poor and just the community in general. Nevertheless, it led to many unintended complications. The prohibition was an effort for moral reformation, however, this backfired and caused more problems than it solved such as organized crime, illegal sale and production of alcohol, and secret drinking spots. Prohibition first came to light in the 1820s and 30s due to a religious movement and an increase for temperance in the states. Religions on the rise such as Evangelical Protestantism preached about the corruptness of alcohol and how it only linked to sin. In 1846, Maine passed the first prohibition law and by the time the Civil War came around many others followed. Soon after, societies started to push for the ban of alcohol and stressed a need for a betterment in societys morals. Societies such as Womens Christian Temperance Union, started in 1874, would spread awareness to their cause by going to saloons and telling them to stop selling alcohol. While they were there, they would stand outside singing and praying for the people inside partaking in drinking. By 1911, this group gained much popularity with over 245,000 members and became the largest womens group in history. The Womens Christian Temperance Union then started to move on to other issues besides prohibition such as opening kindergartens for immigrants. However, these moral reformers still ran into problems with immigrants, since alcohol was popular amongst their community and was often used for different customs. Other groups such as the Anti-Saloon League, established in 1893, also contributed to the prohibition movement and essentially helped ratify the 18th amendment. By the end of the century, there were temperance societies located all across the United States. At first, the new law was a success with even a decline in alcohol-related arrests and a 30% drop of alcohol consumption. Others, such as factory workers, supported the law since it would help prevent accidents in the workplace and help to increase work production. This was very important at the time since the 1920s was an era of growth in industrial production. The majority of the support came from the rural South and West, where there was a large population of native-born protestants. Nevertheless, as time went on the law became increasingly difficult to enforce. At first, the IRS was in charge of enforcing the amendment, but the task was then given to the Justice Department. The Volstead Act was soon established, which was an agency that was in charge of patrolling 18,700 miles of coastline and inland borders, monitoring highways, and supervising industries to ensure the law was being followed. However, the government failed to budget enough money for the task, and the agency only had 1,500 poorly paid federal agents and local police to oversee the entire operation. Along with poor enforcement came waning support for prohibition all together. By the end of the 1920s, people started to lose support and social views were changing. After World War I, many people wanted to let loose and enjoy life. They stopped thinking of alcohol as a sin but more as a way of socializing and having fun. Prohibition was a clash between big cities and small towns since it was better enforced in small towns then in urban areas. Problems began to arise due to little support for the law and lack of jurisdiction. One of the first problems that arose was bootlegging, or the illegal sale and production of alcohol. Some of the earliest bootleggers began smuggling alcohol past the borders of Canada, Mexico, and sea coasts through foreign registry by either Bahamas, Cuba, or French Islands. These bootleggers under foreign registry would dock three miles outside of Atlantic City, NJ where enforcement lacked. However, that became very risky and expensive and the U.S. Coast guard began stopping and checking ships. Despite that, bootleggers found other ways to get alcohol, which included making their own at home called moonshine. Moonshine was around well before the prohibition era and is still made today mostly in southern states. Moonshine, also known as White Lightning and Bathtub Gin, was made out of corn in large copper pots that were used to distill the liquor. Sometimes whole towns would be in on the bootlegging and moonshine operation. These operations were usually done in the woods to avoid being caught by the police. Another major source for bootleggers was medicinal whiskey that sold only across drugstore counters. This medicinal whiskey could be acquired with either a real or forged prescription from a doctor. Some industries later started to see the boom of bootlegging and wanted in. So these industries used denatured alcohol mixed with chemicals not fit for drinking. They would then illegally divert or wash the liquor of the chemicals, mix it with water and a splash of alcohol, and then sell it. With all this bootlegging going on, secret drinking spots started to sprout up all around the cities called speakeasies. To even enter a speakeasy one needed a password, form of ID, or a card to get in. Once inside you would find both men and women of either the middle-class or upper-middle-class drinking and socializing. Speakeasies were equipped with trap doors, collapsible shelves, and codes just in case there was ever a raid and they needed to hide or dispose of any alcohol quickly. Many even had passages for the bootlegged alcohol to be stocked without people seeing. Bootlegging and speakeasies also brought up another problem: organized crime and gang violence. Gangs started forming around the area and many would control entire chains of bootlegging with a monopoly of distribution to various places. Violence between gangs started to run rampid, and many gangs would have competition or turf wars with rivals. Some gangs of different cities joined forces with others to expand their operation and power. Before long, bootlegging within gangs led to traffic of narcotics, gambling, prostitution, and extortion. Prohibition is remembered as a period of gangsterism and organized crime that lasted well after prohibition. During this time, the American Mafia of Italian bootleggers and other gangsters rose to power in New York City in the 1920s and early 30s. One of prohibitions most notorious gangsters, Al Capone, kept his empire by killing off his competition and giving bribes. The gangster operated in Chicago, and by 1927, his estimated wealth was close to $100 million. The man hired by the U.S. Department of Justice to stop Al Capone was the head of the Prohibition Bureau in Chicago, Eliot Ness. Him and his dedicated team, dubbed the Untouchables, helped send Al Capone to jail and also led raids on illegal drinking spots. Al Capone was very good at covering his tracks and was only sent to jail for tax evasion in 1932 even though he did far worse things. Many movies would be later made about the gangsters and the Untouchables. These problems of bootlegging, speakeasies, and organized crime had their effects on society at the time like corruption of law enforcement and a homicide rate that was driven up 80%. By the mid-1920s, only 19% of Americans still supported prohibition. Politicians voted to repeal the 18th amendment in order to keep popular vote. Due to this, on December 5, 1933 Utah became the 36th state to ratify the 21st Amendment that repealed the 18th Amendment. In conclusion, after 13 years prohibition finally ended and there was a big celebration throughout America that became known as one of the biggest parties in history. The 18th Amendment is the only amendment to ever be repealed from the Constitution. Even though prohibition was meant to solve social problems, it only made it worse and created new ones along the way such as organized crime, illegal sale and production of alcohol, and secret drinking spots.